EXAM
PART 1: maps
1. map off attica
a. identify crucial places we've been
2. plan of acropolis
a. identify certain buildings
3. plan of agora
a. identify buildings
PART 2: PICTURES
· identify items as best and as completely as ou can in no more than 2 sentences
· **text books have good illustrations
PART 3: important people and other things
· mini paragraph or two
PART 4: essay
· intro, idea, examples to prove
Archaic Period: 625-480 BC
· Foundation of Democracy
· Persian sack of Athens
o physical remains of the city
**Classical Period: 479-323 BC** Golden age of Athens
· The Fifty Years
o between persian and pelop wars
o rise of democracy—radical democracy
o 2nd half: athenians start building up the akropolis
§ parthenon and propelya are truly periclean
· Pelopponnesian War
o other 2 akropolis buildings completed
o pelopponesians = spartans and their allies, including the
o sparta has infantry strength—warriors with big shields
o athens strength is naval
§ hide behind themistoclean wall (around athens, around pireaus)
· Fall of Athens
o spartans tear down walls
· Battle of Chaeroneia
o macedonians come from the north, defeat the city states
· Alexander the Great
320-30 BC Hellenistic
· Sack of Corinth
· Sula's sack of Athens
30-330AD Roman Empire
· Herulians sack Athens
330-650 AD Late Roman/Late Antique
· Constantine
ATHENS
· Accropolis: PPNE –built during second half of 5th century
o Propylia – pre pelop war
o Parthenon – pre pelop war
o Nike Temple –during pelop war: 420s
o Erichtheum – during pelop war: left unfinished at end
o Slopes of the Akropolis
§ Theater of Dionysus – built in 5th and 4th centuries BC (Classical)
§ Odeion of Herodis Atticus (2nd century, Roman)
§
· Agora
o Temple of Hephestas—best preserved temple (5th century)
o Tholos (circular)
§ base for 50 people presiding over the assembly
§ assembly = all Greek men
§ 17 had to stay
§ very democratic instutition
o Bouleterians
§ built new one and old one became archive room
§ 500 members of greek assembly
o Stoa of Attalos
o political, comercial and industrial center
Kerameikos
§ potter's corner
§ Themistoclean Wall
§ burials
o pots
Misc.
§ Pnyx
o assembly
§ Temple of Zeus
§ Roman Agora
o Tower of the Wind
§ Lysicrites monument
§ Hadrian's Library
§ Akropolis Museum
o Parthenon sculpture, etc.
§ triglyphs and metopes: Athenians against persian
· centaurs fighting against Greekst
· gods against giants
· athenians against amazons
· fall of troy
§ pediments
· west: contest of athena and poseidon for right to the city
o set in athens (spring, foliage, etc.)
· east: birth of athena from head of zeus
o set on mt. olympus
o athena = dawn of a new era (sun coming up, moon going down)
· Ionic frieze
o Panathenaic procession
§ bringing Athena her new dress on her birthday
§ lots of Athenians and horsemen
§ The Caryatids
§ Nike temple parapet
§ Archaic sculpture
· buildings, pediments, kouri—aristocratic monuments
PIRAEUS
§ shipsheds
§ walls
§ arsenal
§ museum
o bronze
o shield of Athena Parthenos
ATTICA
§ Battle of Marathon
o 10 years before fall of Athens (490 bc)
o Athens defeats attempted invasion by the Persians
§ Brauron
o Temple of Artemis—goddess of women, hunting, wild animals, responsible for children; virgin goddess, looks after young girls until they come of age. Bear danc
o Rooms for robe dedification to Ifiginay
§ Sounion
o Temple of Poseidon
o ship sheds
§ Eleusis
o Demeter
o temple of Demeter is designed for worship inside because it is designed for secret initiation rights
§ Eleutherai/Gyftokastro
o Forts: lunch, classical fortifications-not necessarily Athenian
§ Aigosthena
o swimming
DELPHI
§ navel of the ancient world
§ Apollo, oracle of Delphi
§ religious sanctuary
§ Panhelenic games
§ theater
§ Treasuriess
CORINTH
§ **location
o strategic location—controls isthmus: access between the peloponese and the rest of Greece
§ lots of disasters
§ Roman city, refounded by Julius Caesar
--
Athens is the greatest and most important of the Greek city-states
*historical and social reasons and explanations for that
why did classical Athens produce the wonderful things it did?
EVIDENCE
§ archaeology
o how to use archaeological evidence, how we know whats going on, come up with explanations
§ texts
o Palzanius (author)
§ tells use of buildings, etc.
o Thucydides
o Herodotus
THEORY
IMAGINATION
--
important Archaic people
§ Pisistratus
o tyrant—allows constitution to take place but makes sure it's always his men
o started temple of Zeus
o built temple of Demeter (agriculture) at Eleusis
o cult of Dionysus—dramatic festivals
o reorganized Panathenaic games
o uses cults to keep people and gods happy, public works (fountain houses), fosters pottery industry, brings in foreigners
§ Cleisthenes
o overthrows sons of Pisistratus, establishes foundation of Athenian democracy and divides city into 10 tribes that geographically unite the city: city, coast, plain
§ Themistocles
o battle of Salamos
o architect of naval strategy
o fortifies Pireaus
o builds Themistoclean wall
§ Persian sack of Athens
o wipes away archaic city, come back and they rebuild classical city
Classical period
§ The Fifty Years
o Parthenon, Propylia, city wall and long walls, Pireaus, Temple of Hephaistus, many buildings in Agora
o Perikles—democracy, builds long walls, Sounion, temple at Eleusis
§ Pelop Wars
o Nike Temple, Erichtheum, rebuild Theater of Dionysus
§ Fall of Athens
§ Battle of Chaeroneia—Philip 2 conquers Athens, Corinth and Thebes
o Philo
§ Piraeus arsenal
o Lycurgus
Hellenistic
§ Demetrius of Phaleron
§ Antiochus 4 (Syria...Olympieaeon)
§ Attalus, Eumenes (Pergamenes—near Turkey: Stoa of Attalos and Stoa of Eumenes)
§ Ptolemies (Cleopatra, Egypt)—tower of the winds
§ *Syria, Pergamon Egypt
Roman Empire
§ Herulian sack--trash agora, build more restrictive wall for inner city using trashed buildings
§ classical and roman athens has been wiped out
§ Caesar and Augustus (roman agora)
§ Nero
§ Hadrian (finished temple of zeus, arch, library)
§ Herodes Atticus (theater, stadium)
Lesson of the Day
Blogging is a great way to study.
The Count
No changes. For the first day ever.
Tomorrow
Exam. Taverna lunch. Farewell dinner with friends.
